Major Sesquiterpenes of Patchouli Leaf Essential Oil (Pogostemon cablin Benth.): A GC-MS Study

Authors

  • Muhammad Taupik Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sport and Health, Gorontalo State University, Jl. Jenderal Sudirman No. 06 Gorontalo City 96128, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0535-8875
  • Mohamad Adam Mustapa Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sport and Health, Gorontalo State University, Jl. Jenderal Sudirman No. 06 Gorontalo City 96128, Indonesia
  • Fahmi As Radjak Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
  • A. Mu'thi Andy Suryadi Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sport and Health, Gorontalo State University, Jl. Jenderal Sudirman No. 06 Gorontalo City 96128, Indonesia
  • Mohamad Aprianto Paneo Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sport and Health, Gorontalo State University, Jl. Jenderal Sudirman No. 06 Gorontalo City 96128, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70075/jpnp.v2i2.224

Keywords:

Essential oil, Patchouli, Pogostemon cablin Benth, GC-MS

Abstract

Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) is a tropical plant widely recognised as the main source of patchouli oil, an essential oil with high economic and pharmaceutical value. This study aimed to identify the chemical constituents of patchouli leaf essential oil and determine its major compounds. Extraction was performed using solvents of different polarities, followed by analysis with Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results revealed five dominant compounds: Bicyclo[5.3.0]decane, 2-methylene-5-(1-methylvinyl)-8-methyl (19.99%), Aromandendrene (12.04%), Naphthalene, decahydro-4a-methyl-1-methylene-7 (9.20%), Caryophyllene (7.29%), and Valerena-4,7(11)-diene (6.87%). These compounds play an important role in both the aroma and biological activities of patchouli oil. Methanol, as a polar solvent, produced the highest yield (10%), while n-hexane yielded the lowest (2%). The findings confirm the potential of patchouli essential oil as a natural source for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and aromatherapy applications.

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Published

2025-06-30

How to Cite

Taupik, M., Adam Mustapa, M., Radjak, F. A., Andy Suryadi, A. M., & Aprianto Paneo, M. (2025). Major Sesquiterpenes of Patchouli Leaf Essential Oil (Pogostemon cablin Benth.): A GC-MS Study. Journal of Pharmacology and Natural Products, 2(2), 20–28. https://doi.org/10.70075/jpnp.v2i2.224

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